Pore Structure and Thermal Insulation Performance
X-ray nano-CT reveals the three-dimensional internal structure of Y-Warm, reconstructed from approximately 3,000 cross-sectional slices and observable across the XY, XZ, and YZ planes.
The reconstructed structure shows discrete, micrometer-scale closed cells separated by thin polymer cell walls with nanometer-scale thickness, providing a three-dimensional view of Y-Warm’s cellular architecture.
Cell wall thickness: 20–280 nm
Cell diameter: 30–190 μm
This SEM cross-section reveals Y-Warm’s honeycomb-like cellular morphology, consisting of discrete, micrometer-scale cells separated by thin cell walls with nanometer-scale thickness.
This cellular architecture plays an important role in thermal insulation. The closed-cell structure restricts bulk gas movement and helps suppress internal convection, while cell size, cell-wall thickness, solid fraction, gas composition, and overall porosity collectively influence solid- and gas-phase heat transfer, as well as thermal radiation.
Y-Warm looks like fabric, yet it is not a conventional fabric. It resembles paper in appearance, yet it is distinctly different from paper.
Its surface has a slightly rough texture, yet feels warm to the touch in winter. Even after being stored for several days in a test chamber at −60°C, Y-Warm does not feel icy upon contact with the skin.
It can also absorb several times its own weight in water while still remaining afloat on the surface.
Features & Performance
Due to Y-Warm’s ultra-thin profile and textured surface, accurately determining its intrinsic thermal conductivity using conventional test methods can be challenging.
Measured results may vary depending on the test method, sample configuration, and measurement conditions. The table below presents results obtained using multiple standardized test methods, providing a comparative reference for evaluating Y-Warm’s thermal conductivity.
Across these methods, the results consistently demonstrate Y-Warm’s low thermal conductivity and high thermal insulation performance.
Y-Warm provides thermal insulation by slowing heat transfer from the warmer side to the colder side. In cold environments, the Y-Warm layer increases thermal resistance between the body and the exterior, reducing the rate at which body heat is lost through the garment.
Its low thermal conductivity allows effective thermal insulation with minimal thickness, helping retain body warmth while keeping the insulation layer ultra-thin and lightweight.
An antibacterial agent that meets applicable textile safety and environmental requirements is incorporated into the polymer system and embedded within the material structure during formation. This helps retain the antibacterial functionality within Y-Warm, allowing it to maintain effective antibacterial performance even after repeated washing.
Y-Warm features a microscopically textured surface and exhibits high far-infrared emissivity. Its infrared radiative properties are influenced by both the material composition and surface characteristics.
Together with its low thermal conductivity and closed-cell structure, these properties contribute to Y-Warm’s overall thermal performance.
Y-Warm has two distinct surface textures: the front is slightly rough, while the back is smooth.
In principle, thermal insulation performance is not affected by which side faces outward. Either side can be used according to product design and application requirements.
Width: 150 cm
Roll Length: 50 m
Packing Quantity: 2 rolls per carton / 100 m total
Inner Packaging: Plastic film
Outer Packaging: Cardboard carton
Y-Warm is flexible, but has a firmer feel than soft insulation materials such as down. It is designed primarily for use as an insulation interlayer in winter outerwear and other cold-weather products.
Y-Warm has limited stretch in both the warp and weft directions and is therefore not recommended for use with highly stretchable fabrics. It is better suited as an insulation interlayer in outerwear made with woven fabrics.
The material also offers good recovery after folding or deformation.
Y-Warm has limited stretch in both the warp and weft directions. Where additional flexibility is required, the material can be cut on the bias to provide greater stretch than straight-grain cutting.
A 50-meter roll of Y-Warm can be easily lifted and handled with one hand, demonstrating the material’s lightweight structure.
Wash with cold water
Machine washable
Low-temperature drying
Storage & Care: Store and handle Y-Warm in the same manner as conventional textile raw materials and finished goods.
Service Life: Y-Warm maintains stable performance over long-term storage, provided the material is properly stored and its structure remains undamaged.
CLO and Rct measure the thermal resistance of textiles and insulation systems, with results strongly influenced by material thickness.
Because Y-Warm delivers high thermal insulation performance in an ultra-thin form, CLO and Rct values alone cannot fully represent its insulation efficiency, particularly its thermal performance per unit thickness.